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初中英语情态动词的用法归纳_情态动词用法有哪些

来源:网络  作者:孙杨杨 

  情态动词可以说是初中英语的必考内容之一,通常情况下情态动词会在完形填空、阅读理解中出现,当然,作文里大家也会适当运用情态动词,那么,什么是情态动词,情态动词又该怎么运用呢,下面就来具体了解一下。

初中英语情态动词的用法归纳,情态动词用法有哪些

  定义

  情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必须”,“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面的动词要用原形。

  情态动词的种类:

初中英语情态动词的用法归纳,情态动词用法有哪些

  情态动词的常见用法:

  1.can和could的用法

  (1)can/could 表示“能力;许可;可能性”等。could 为 can 的过去式。如:Can I use your book?我可以用你的书吗?

  (2)can 用在疑问句中,表示征求意见、请求许可,答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中,比can 更委婉、客气,是一种礼貌的说法,并不表示过去时态,答语用can,而不能用could。

  Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告诉我去公园的路吗?

  -Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。不好意思,我不知道。我是新来的。

  [注意]

  ①can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态。

  ②另外, can't 可表示否定推测。

  2.may和might的用法

  may/might 意为“可以”,表示同意、许可或请求对方许可,也可表示祝愿。

  might 是may 的过去式,有两种用法:一种表示过去式;一种表示虚拟语气,使语气更加委婉、客气,或表示可能性更小。

  以may开头的一般疑问句,其否定回答用mustn't。

  Eg: MayI use your book? 我可以用你用的书吗?

  He might be alive. 他可能还活着。

  【注意】

  can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许,但may比can更正式,更客气。

  3.must和should

  (1)must意为“必须,应当”,含有一种命令的语气,比较生硬,不容商量。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”,“一定不要”。如:

  Eg:You mustn't drive after drinking。你绝不能酒后驾车。

  ①must 与 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观意愿;have to 表示客观需要。

  ②回答由must 引导的疑问句:

  肯定回答:Yes, …must. 如:

  -Must I go home now?

  -Yes, you must.

  否定回答:No,…needn't./No,…don't/doesn't have to.

  Eg:-Must I go home now?

  -No, you  needn't. 。

  ③must 表示对事物的推测,意为“想必;一定”,只用于肯定句中;表“推测”时,情态动词与动词原形,(常为be动词)连用,

  如:The man must be your teacher。那个人一定是你的老师。

  (2)should意为“应当,应该”,表示建议或劝告,语气比较委婉,客气。否定形式为shouldn’t。

  Eg: You  should get up early.

  You shouldn't eat too much sugar.

  4.will和would

  1)用于疑问句,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用would比will更委婉,更客气。

  如:Will you please open the window?

  Would you like some coffee?

  2) would表示建议“你愿意…吗”

  -Would you like to go shopping with me?

  -Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.

  [注意区别]

  ①I’d like+n. …  我想要…(接名词)

  如:I’d like some water.

  ②I’d like to + v. …  我想要做…(接动词原形)

  如:I’d like to go with Tom.

  5、shall用于第一人称 (I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “……好吗?”

  eg: ①Where shall we have dinner?

  ②-Shall we go fishing?                   -

  - All right. \OK. \Good idea.

  情态动词的实际运用

  一、考查can的用法

  a.考查can表示能力的用法。

  在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在过去时中用could和couldn't。例如:

  1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.

  -You________find him. He________Japan. (2003黑龙江)

  A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to

  C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to

  2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?

  -Sorry. It________in such a short time. (2003山东威海)

  A. may do B. can't be done

  C. must do D. needn't be done

  3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it. (2002江西)

  A. must B. have to C. need to D. can

  4.________you mend my car? I______not start it. (2002常德市)

  A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may

  5.________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002长沙市)

  A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May

  6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.(2002四川省)

  A. can B. may C. could

  b.考查can表示推测的用法。

  在这一用法中,can意为"可能",表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:

  7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?

  -No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller. (2003河北)

  A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't

  8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?

  -No. It________be her. She is at school now. (2002重庆市)

  A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't

  9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?

  -No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin. (2002新疆)

  A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't

  10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?(2002广东)

  A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can

  c.考查can / could表示请求许可的用法?

  在这一用法中,can和could都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用Could I / you...?句式,表示"我/你能……吗?"

  若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:

  11.-Could I look at your pictures?

  -Yes, of course you________. (2003武汉)

  A. could B. can C. will D. might

  12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number. (2002北京市海淀区)

  A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should

  参考答案:1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D

  二、考查may的用法

  a.考查may表示请求许可的用法

  在这一用法中,may表示许可或征询对方许可,表示"可以"的意思,常常与第一人称I连用,构成May I...?句式,表示"我可以……吗?"肯定回答用Yes, you may.; Yes, please.等;否定回答用No, you can't.或No, you mustn't.,不用No, you may not.?例如:

  25. -________I have your name, please?

  -Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. (2002北京市东城区)

  A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need

  26. -May I go to the cinema, dad?

  -No, you________. You must finish your homework first. (2002浙江金华市)

  A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't

  27. -May I smoke here?

  -________, you________. It can be dangerous. (2002滨州市)

  A. Yes; can B. No; can't

  C. Yes; may D. No, needn't

  ②测试may表示可能性的用法。

  在这一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是"也许","可能",通常用于肯定句中。例如:

  28. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer. (2003天津)

  A. must; can B. must; may

  C. need; can D. can; may

  29. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger. (2002宁夏)

  A. need B. must C. should D. may

  参考答案:25. C 26. A 27. B