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初中英语语法知识之一般现在时

来源:网络  作者:孙杨杨 

  有很多同学分不清时态,时态是一篇文章的主线,如果时态都分不清那我们就分不清事情发生的先后,会对我们做题设障碍,所以今天小编为大家整理了一些时态上的知识,希望能帮到大家。

初中英语语法知识之一般现在时

  一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。

  一、一般现在时用法如下:

  1.表示现在的状态: e.g. He’s twelve. She’s at work.

  2.表经常或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。: eg. I get up at 6:30 every day.

  He reads English every morning.

  3.表主语具备的性格、 能力和特征。 e.g.  I don't like this book.

  4.表示客观事实和普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun.

  5. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。

  eg. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

  二、一般现在时构成:

  一般现在时用行为动词的原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词要用第三人称单数形式。第三人称单数形式的变化规则是:1.一般的动词词尾+S。2.以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.3.以辅音字母+Y结尾的把Y变成i,+es。4.辅音字母+o结尾的+es.

  基本结构:

  1.be动词

  肯定句: 主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

  否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

  一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。 如:-Are you a student?  -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

  2.行为动词

  1) 当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do

  肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school.

  否定句:主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school.

  一般疑问句:Do +主语+动词原形+其它?

  如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?

  如: What do you often do after school ?

  2) 当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does

  肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如: He swims well.

  否定句:主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如:

  He doesn’t swim well..

  一般:Does +主语+动词原形+其它。

  如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

  如: How does your father go to work?

  常见考法:

  对于一般现在时的考查,多以单选或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中,会让选择be动词,或判断用一个动词的原型还是单三形式,或进行肯定句、否定句、疑问句之间的转换,或判断用正确时态。这在 初一阶段是一个重点。

初中英语语法知识之一般现在时

  典型例题:

  She will find him a kind man when she more about him.

  A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know

  解析:在时间、条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来时。She是一个单三人称,故用knows

  答案:A。

  误区提醒:

  当用动词第三人称单数单数时,一定要正确运用。

  典型例题:

  Lucy _____(enjoy) music and she often sings songs.

  解析:从often可判断出本题表达的是经常性的事情,应该用一般现在时,主语Lucy是一 个人,为第三人称单数,所以enjoy 应变为单三形式,很多学生会把enjoy 变成enjoies ,但实际上enjoy 不符合“辅音字母+Y结尾”的条件,所以它应变为enjoys.

  练习一下吧

  巩固练习题:按照要求改写句子

  1.This is my pencil ? (变一般疑问句)             your pencil ?       Is

  2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句)

  socks Kate’s ?    Are  these

  3. I want to buy a big green bag . (变特殊疑问句)

  you want to buy ?       What do

  4. Mary does not have any books . (变肯定句)Mary           books .

  5. The clothing shop is on sale . (变为否定句)      is_isn't

  6. She likes the black bag very much . (变为否定句)              doesn't like

  7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改写句子)

  the pants for only 50 Yuan.         She buys

  8. It’s an English dictionary . (改为否定句)It  isn't

  9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (对画线部分提问)

  Lily and Lucy ? How  old are

  10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (变为否定句)

  Her dog        2 years and 5 months old .    isn't

  11. I usually get up at seven o’clock .  (用he改写句子)

  at seven o’clock .    He usually gets up

  12. He often has hamburger and apples for dinner . (变为一般疑问句)                    Does he ofen have humburger and apples for dinner?

  13. My family always like thrillers . (对画线部分提问)

  your family always like ?     What

  14. Jane’s sister wants to see the comedy . (变为一般疑问句)

  Jane’s sister      to see the comedy ?      want

  15. Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday .(对画线部分提问)

  Maria and Jack come to this school ?    When  do